Helm 部署 nginx 和 fastapi 本地镜像服务
FastAPI web服务
目录结构：
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.
├── app
│ ├── __init__.py
│ └── main.py
├── app.Dockerfile
└── requirements.txt
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app服务
创建一个fastapi服务,实现生成短链接的接口, 实现参考如何生成短链？
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from typing import Union
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel
import mmh3
import random
class URL(BaseModel):
long_url: str
short_url: str | None = None
app = FastAPI()
@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
return {"Hello": "World"}
@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
@app.get("/short/code")
async def short_code():
hash = random.randint(1, ((1<<32)-1))
code = to_base62(hash)
return {"code": code}
@app.post("/short/url")
async def short_url(url: URL):
hash = mmh3.hash(url.long_url, signed=False) # returns a 32-bit unsigned int
url.short_url = to_base62(hash)
return url
BASE62 = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
async def to_base62(hash: int):
code = ''
while hash > 0:
code += BASE62[hash % 62]
hash //= 62
return code
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requirements.txt
app/main.py 服务依赖文件
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fastapi==0.111.0
pydantic==2.7.1
uvicorn==0.29.0
mmh3==4.1.0
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Dockerfile文件
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FROM python:3.12.3
WORKDIR /code
COPY ./requirements.txt /code/requirements.txt
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r /code/requirements.txt
COPY ./app /code/app
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8080"]
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构建Docker镜像
构建app服务镜像
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docker build -t fastapi_shortcode:v0.1 -f app.Dockerfile .
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构建完成后，查看本地镜像
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docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
fastapi_shortcode v0.1 b5a184cd5f41 About a minute ago 1.09GB
python 3.12.3 12e5ab9d51c8 6 weeks ago 1.02GB
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运行镜像
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docker run -d --name fastapi_shortcode -p 8080:8080 fastapi_shortcode:v0.1
6742784e41c6ed59d738d492862cb437b97264e82fdc5ddf39231a394d4c338b
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查看运行镜像状态
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docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6742784e41c6 fastapi_shortcode:v0.1 "uvicorn app.main:ap…" 26 seconds ago Up 25 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp fastapi_shortcode
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查看镜像运行日志
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docker logs -f 6742784e41c6
INFO: Started server process [1]
INFO: Waiting for application startup.
INFO: Application startup complete.
INFO: Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:8080 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO: 172.17.0.1:49386 - "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 OK
INFO: 172.17.0.1:49386 - "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 Not Found
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接口测试
Swagger UI： http://localhost:8080/docs#
- 验证服务接口
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curl -i http://localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
date: Sat, 25 May 2024 14:06:21 GMT
server: uvicorn
content-length: 17
content-type: application/json
{"Hello":"World"}%
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- 随机生成短链接code
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curl -i http://localhost:8080/short/code
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
date: Sat, 25 May 2024 15:12:29 GMT
server: uvicorn
content-length: 17
content-type: application/json
{"code":"L5xZu2"}%
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- 生成长链接对应的短链接code
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curl -X 'POST' \
'http://localhost:8080/short/url' \
-H 'accept: application/json' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '{
"long_url": "https://google.com",
"short_url": ""
}'
{
"long_url": "https://google.com",
"short_url": "zTgQx3"
}
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helm部署fastapi app
使用helm来安装fastapi app，并使用nginx ingress来做反向代理。
helm 版本
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~ helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.14.4", GitCommit:"81c902a123462fd4052bc5e9aa9c513c4c8fc142", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.22.2"}
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helm 仓库
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helm repo list
NAME URL
piaohua https://piaohua.github.io/helm-charts/
bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami
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仓库中搜索nginx镜像
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helm search repo nginx
NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
bitnami/nginx 16.0.6 1.25.5 NGINX Open Source is a web server that can be a...
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller 11.1.1 1.10.1 NGINX Ingress Controller is an Ingress controll...
bitnami/nginx-intel 2.1.15 0.4.9 DEPRECATED NGINX Open Source for Intel is a lig...
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创建一个新的Helm chart目录结构:
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helm create fastapi-short-code
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配置values.yaml后，打包应用
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helm package fastapi-short-code --debug
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /Users/piao/data/golang/helm-charts/fastapi-short-code-0.1.0.tgz
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打包后安装启动应用
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helm install shortcode fastapi-short-code-0.1.0.tgz
NAME: shortcode
LAST DEPLOYED: Sun May 26 17:40:19 2024
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands
http:///
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部署成功后，查看启动服务
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kubectl get pods,rc,svc,deployment -o wide -n default
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pod/shortcode-fastapi-short-code-78546fd569-6x8qk 1/1 Running 0 15m 10.42.0.8 colima-helm-test <none> <none>
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.43.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 20d <none>
service/shortcode-fastapi-short-code ClusterIP 10.43.229.27 <none> 8080/TCP 15m app.kubernetes.io/instance=shortcode,app.kubernetes.io/name=fastapi-short-code
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR
deployment.apps/shortcode-fastapi-short-code 1/1 1 1 15m fastapi-short-code fastapi_shortcode:v0.1 app.kubernetes.io/instance=shortcode,app.kubernetes.io/name=fastapi-short-code
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helm应用查看
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~ helm ls
NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION
shortcode default 1 2024-05-26 17:40:19.987909 +0800 CST deployed fastapi-short-code-0.1.0 1.16.0
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部署失败场景
部署出现如下错误
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Error: INSTALLATION FAILED: 1 error occurred:
* Ingress.extensions "shortcode" is invalid: spec.rules[0].host: Invalid value: "0.0.0.0": must be a DNS name, not an IP address
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是因为values.yaml中host配置错误,host只能配置为域名，不能是ip，或者配置为空
第二种错误场景如下：
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Error: INSTALLATION FAILED: non-absolute URLs should be in form of repo_name/path_to_chart, got: shortcode-0.1.0.tgz
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这是因为应用名称已经存在，可以用命令helm -n default ls -a查看,
如果已经存在，可以用命令helm -n default delete shortcode删除。
nginx部署
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~ helm install nginx-fastapi fastapi-short-code-nginx-0.1.0.tgz
NAME: nginx-fastapi
LAST DEPLOYED: Sun May 26 17:59:04 2024
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
NOTE: It may take a few minutes for the LoadBalancer IP to be available.
You can watch the status of by running 'kubectl get --namespace default svc -w nginx-fastapi-fastapi-short-code-nginx'
export SERVICE_IP=$(kubectl get svc --namespace default nginx-fastapi-fastapi-short-code-nginx --template "{{ range (index .status.loadBalancer.ingress 0) }}{{.}}{{ end }}")
echo http://$SERVICE_IP:80
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部署成功后查看服务状态
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➜ ~ kubectl get pods,rc,svc,deployment -o wide -n default
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pod/shortcode-fastapi-short-code-78546fd569-6x8qk 1/1 Running 0 19m 10.42.0.8 colima-helm-test <none> <none>
pod/nginx-fastapi-fastapi-short-code-nginx-66cf6785dd-dcffz 0/1 Running 1 (29s ago) 60s 10.42.0.10 colima-helm-test <none> <none>
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.43.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 20d <none>
service/shortcode-fastapi-short-code ClusterIP 10.43.229.27 <none> 8080/TCP 19m app.kubernetes.io/instance=shortcode,app.kubernetes.io/name=fastapi-short-code
service/nginx-fastapi-fastapi-short-code-nginx LoadBalancer 10.43.56.241 192.168.5.3 80:30726/TCP 62s app.kubernetes.io/instance=nginx-fastapi,app.kubernetes.io/name=fastapi-short-code-nginx
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR
deployment.apps/shortcode-fastapi-short-code 1/1 1 1 19m fastapi-short-code fastapi_shortcode:v0.1 app.kubernetes.io/instance=shortcode,app.kubernetes.io/name=fastapi-short-code
deployment.apps/nginx-fastapi-fastapi-short-code-nginx 0/1 1 0 62s fastapi-short-code-nginx bitnami/nginx:1.25.5-debian-12-r0 app.kubernetes.io/instance=nginx-fastapi,app.kubernetes.io/name=fastapi-short-code-nginx
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helm应用查看
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➜ ~ helm ls
NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION
nginx-fastapi default 1 2024-05-26 17:59:04.017599 +0800 CST deployed fastapi-short-code-nginx-0.1.0 1.16.0
shortcode default 1 2024-05-26 17:40:19.987909 +0800 CST deployed fastapi-short-code-0.1.0 1.16.0
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参考