HTTP 负载测试工具wrk/vegeta简介

wrk 简介

Wrk是一个支持HTTP协议的基准测试工具，结合了多线程设计和可扩展事件通知，底层封装epoll(linux)和kqueue(bsd)，能用较少线程生成大量并发请求(使用了操作系统特定的高性能io机制)。

安装

MacOS安装

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brew install wrk

源码安装

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sudo yum install -y openssl-devel git 
git clone https://github.com/wg/wrk.git wrk
cd wrk
make
# 将可执行文件移动到 /usr/local/bin 位置
sudo cp wrk /usr/local/bin

使用手册

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> wrk --help
使用方法: wrk <选项> <被测HTTP服务的URL>                            
  Options:                                            
    -c, --connections <N>  跟服务器建立并保持的TCP连接数量  
    -d, --duration    <T>  压测时间           
    -t, --threads     <N>  使用多少个线程进行压测   
                                                      
    -s, --script      <S>  指定Lua脚本路径       
    -H, --header      <H>  为每一个HTTP请求添加HTTP头      
        --latency          在压测结束后，打印延迟统计信息   
        --timeout     <T>  超时时间     
    -v, --version          打印正在使用的wrk的详细版本信息
                                                      
  <N>代表数字参数，支持国际单位 (1k, 1M, 1G)
  <T>代表时间参数，支持时间单位 (2s, 2m, 2h)

使用示例

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wrk -t12 -c400 -d30s --latency http://www.baidu.com
Running 30s test @ http://www.baidu.com （压测时间30s）
  12 threads and 400 connections （共12个测试线程，400个连接）
			  （平均值） （标准差）  （最大值）（正负一个标准差所占比例）
  Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
    （延迟）
    Latency   386.32ms  380.75ms   2.00s    86.66%
    (每秒请求数)
    Req/Sec    17.06     13.91   252.00     87.89%
  Latency Distribution （延迟分布）
     50%  218.31ms
     75%  520.60ms
     90%  955.08ms
     99%    1.93s 
  4922 requests in 30.06s, 73.86MB read (30.06s内处理了4922个请求，耗费流量73.86MB)
  Socket errors: connect 0, read 0, write 0, timeout 311 (发生错误数)
Requests/sec:    163.76 (QPS 163.76,即平均每秒处理请求数为163.76)
Transfer/sec:      2.46MB (平均每秒流量2.46MB)

go版本wrk安装使用

安装

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git clone git://github.com/adeven/go-wrk.git
cd go-wrk
go build

使用手册

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go-wrk [flags] url

flags选项

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    -H="User-Agent: go-wrk 0.1 bechmark\nContent-Type: text/html;": the http headers sent separated by '\n'
    -c=100: the max numbers of connections used
    -k=true: if keep-alives are disabled
    -i=false: if TLS security checks are disabled
    -m="GET": the http request method
    -n=1000: the total number of calls processed
    -t=1: the numbers of threads used
    -b="" the http request body
    -s="" if specified, it counts how often the searched string s is contained in the responses

使用示例

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go-wrk -c=400 -t=8 -n=100000 http://localhost:8080/index.html

输出执行结果

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==========================BENCHMARK==========================
URL:				http://localhost:8509/startup?app_id=479516143&mac=123456789

Used Connections:			100
Used Threads:				1
Total number of calls:		100000

============================TIMES============================
Total time passed:			19.47s
Avg time per request:		19.45ms
Requests per second:		5135.02
Median time per request:	11.30ms
99th percentile time:		65.23ms
Slowest time for request:	1698.00ms

==========================RESPONSES==========================
20X responses:		100000	(100%)
30X responses:		0	(0%)
40X responses:		0	(0%)
50X responses:		0	(0%)
matchResponses:     100000  (100.00%)

vegeta 简介

Vegeta 是一个用Go语言编写的多功能的 HTTP 负载测试工具。

安装

MacOS安装

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brew install vegeta

源码安装，Vegeta 使用 Go 语言编写，使用go拉取

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go get -u github.com/tsenart/vegeta

使用手册

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Usage: vegeta [global flags] <command> [command flags]

global flags:
  -cpus int
    	Number of CPUs to use (defaults to the number of CPUs you have)
  -profile string
    	Enable profiling of [cpu, heap]
  -version
    	Print version and exit

attack command:
  -body string
    	Requests body file
  -cert string
    	TLS client PEM encoded certificate file
  -chunked
    	Send body with chunked transfer encoding
  -connections int
    	Max open idle connections per target host (default 10000)
  -duration duration
    	Duration of the test [0 = forever]
  -format string
    	Targets format [http, json] (default "http")
  -h2c
    	Send HTTP/2 requests without TLS encryption
  -header value
    	Request header
  -http2
    	Send HTTP/2 requests when supported by the server (default true)
  -insecure
    	Ignore invalid server TLS certificates
  -keepalive
    	Use persistent connections (default true)
  -key string
    	TLS client PEM encoded private key file
  -laddr value
    	Local IP address (default 0.0.0.0)
  -lazy
    	Read targets lazily
  -max-body value
    	Maximum number of bytes to capture from response bodies. [-1 = no limit] (default -1)
  -max-workers uint
    	Maximum number of workers (default 18446744073709551615)
  -name string
    	Attack name
  -output string
    	Output file (default "stdout")
  -proxy-header value
    	Proxy CONNECT header
  -rate value
    	Number of requests per time unit [0 = infinity] (default 50/1s)
  -redirects int
    	Number of redirects to follow. -1 will not follow but marks as success (default 10)
  -resolvers value
    	List of addresses (ip:port) to use for DNS resolution. Disables use of local system DNS. (comma separated list)
  -root-certs value
    	TLS root certificate files (comma separated list)
  -targets string
    	Targets file (default "stdin")
  -timeout duration
    	Requests timeout (default 30s)
  -unix-socket string
    	Connect over a unix socket. This overrides the host address in target URLs
  -workers uint
    	Initial number of workers (default 10)

encode command:
  -output string
    	Output file (default "stdout")
  -to string
    	Output encoding [csv, gob, json] (default "json")

plot command:
  -output string
    	Output file (default "stdout")
  -threshold int
    	Threshold of data points above which series are downsampled. (default 4000)
  -title string
    	Title and header of the resulting HTML page (default "Vegeta Plot")

report command:
  -buckets string
    	Histogram buckets, e.g.: "[0,1ms,10ms]"
  -every duration
    	Report interval
  -output string
    	Output file (default "stdout")
  -type string
    	Report type to generate [text, json, hist[buckets], hdrplot] (default "text")

examples:
  echo "GET http://localhost/" | vegeta attack -duration=5s | tee results.bin | vegeta report
  vegeta report -type=json results.bin > metrics.json
  cat results.bin | vegeta plot > plot.html
  cat results.bin | vegeta report -type="hist[0,100ms,200ms,300ms]"
  • -cpus：测试中所使用的 CPU 数
  • -profile：是否启用 CPU 或 堆 的侧写

Vegeta 提供了以下几个命令：

  • attack：进行性能测试
  • encode：对测试结果进行编码
  • plot：显示测试结果图表
  • report：生成测试结果报告

attack 命令的选项包括：

  • connections：最大连接数，默认为 10000
  • duration：测试持续时间，0 为永远持续
  • rate：并发速率，单位之间内的请求数，默认为 50/1s
  • targets：进行测试的 HTTP 服务目标
  • workers：初始工作者数，默认为 10
  • body：HTTP 负载
  • header：HTTP 头
  • output：结果输出，，默认为 stdout
  • timeout：请求超时时间，默认 30s

使用示例

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echo "GET http://baidu.com" | vegeta attack -duration=5s | tee results.bin | vegeta report
vegeta report -type=json results.bin > metrics.json

参考