Openresty 使用入门

使用Docker安装OpenResty并使用示例学习

OpenResty® 是一个基于 Nginx 与 Lua 的高性能 Web 平台，其内部集成了大量精良的 Lua 库、第三方模块以及大多数的依赖项。用于方便地搭建能够处理超高并发、扩展性极高的动态 Web 应用、Web 服务和动态网关。

开始使用

The default virtual host configuration⁠ has the original OpenResty configuration and is copied to /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf.

创建 conf.d/nginx.conf 配置文件，内容如下：

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 nginx.vh.default.conf  --  docker-openresty
#
# This file is installed to:
#   `/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf`
#
# It tracks the `server` section of the upstream OpenResty's `nginx.conf`.
#
# This config (and any other configs in `etc/nginx/conf.d/`) is loaded by
# default by the `include` directive in `/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf`.
#
# See https://github.com/openresty/docker-openresty/blob/master/README.md#nginx-config-files
#


server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/local/openresty/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/local/openresty/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           /usr/local/openresty/nginx/html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

启动OpenResty服务

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docker run -v ./conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d -p 80:80 --name openresty -d openresty/openresty:1.25.3.2-alpine-aarch64

修改配置如下，增加新的路由配置如下，并重新加载配置。

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worker_processes  1;        #nginx worker 数量
error_log logs/error.log;   #指定错误日志文件路径
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    server {
        #监听端口，若你的80端口已经被占用，则需要修改
        listen 80;
        location /hi {
            default_type text/html;

            content_by_lua_block {
                ngx.say("Hello World!")
            }
        }
    }
}

执行如下命令重新加载配置

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docker exec -it openresty nginx -s reload

# or

~ docker exec openresty /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
2025/07/27 09:27:40 [notice] 9#9: signal process started

通过请求头动态路由

创建html目录，并启动OpenResty服务

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docker run -v ./conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
-v ./html:/usr/local/openresty/nginx/html/:rw \
-v ./logs:/usr/local/openresty/nginx/logs/:rw \
-v ./lua:/usr/local/openresty/nginx/lua/:rw \
-p 80:80 --name openresty -d openresty/openresty:1.25.3.2-alpine-aarch64

或者可以直接在容器中添加html文件和修改配置。

在html目录下创建两个html文件，分别为index_v1.html, index_v2.html文件，内容可以随意填写。

复制到容器中

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docker cp html/index_v1.html openresty:/usr/local/openresty/nginx/html

docker cp html/index_v2.html openresty:/usr/local/openresty/nginx/html

创建lua/router.lua文件配置，内容如下：

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-- router.lua
local Router = {
    V1 = "http://127.0.0.1:80/index_v1.html",
    V2 = "http://127.0.0.1:80/index_v2.html",
}

local target = "V1" // default v1

local specific_header = ngx.req.get_headers()["X-Version"]

if specific_header then
    target = specific_header
end

ngx.var.target = Router[target]

修改conf/nginx.html文件，添加lua文件路径配置，内容如下：

直接修改容器配置

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docker exec -it  openresty vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

添加如下内容

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http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    # 添加的行
    lua_package_path "/usr/local/openresty/nginx/lua/?.lua;;";

增加新web服务配置

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    server {
        listen 8080;
        set $target '';

        location / {
            access_by_lua_file /etc/nginx/conf.d/router.lua;
            proxy_pass $target;
        }
    }

加载配置后访问

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curl -H "X-Version: V1" http://127.0.0.1:8080

curl -H "X-Version: V2" http://127.0.0.1:8080

Openresty 使用入门

Contents

开始使用

通过请求头动态路由

参考